Wednesday 7 October 2015

Durgavati Devi (Durga Bhabhi) --- Sanjog Waltar







Durgavati Devi (Durga Bhabhi) (7 October 1907 – 15 October 1999) was an Indian revolutionary and a freedom fighter. She was one of the few women revolutionaries who took an active participation in armed revolution against the ruling British. She is best known for having accompanied Bhagat Singh on the train journey in which he made his escape in disguise after the Saunders killing, Since she was wife of another HSRA member Bhagwati Charan Vohra, other members of HSRA referred her as 'Bhabhi' (elder brother's wife) and became popular as "Durga Bhabhi" in Indian revolutionary circles. Durga was a Bengali and her mother tongue was Bengali.
Durgavati Devi was married to Bhagwati Charan Vohra when she was aged eleven.
An active member of the Naujawan Bharat Sabha, Durga came into prominence when the Sabha decided to observe the 11th anniversary of Kartar Singh Sarabha’s martyrdom on 16 November 1926 at Lahore. Her most glorious moment came on 19 December 1928 when Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev Thapar went to her house two days after killing Saunders.
She led the funeral procession of Jatin Das from Lahore to Calcutta after his death in the 63-day jail hunger strike. All along the way, huge crowds joined the funeral procession.
She tried to kill Lord Hailey after Bhagat Singh surrenderd himself for 1929 Assembly bomb throwing incident. Lord Hailey escaped but many of associates died. She was caught by the police and imprisoned for three years. She had also sold her ornaments worth Rs. 3,000 to rescue Bhagat Singh and his comrades under trial.
She, along with her husband, helped Vimal Prasad Jain, an HSRA member in running a bomb factory in the name of 'Himalayan Toilets' (a smokescreen to hide the agenda of making bombs) at Qutub Road, Delhi. In this factory, they handled picric acid, nitroglycerine and fulminate of mercury.
Two days after killing Saunders, on 19 December 1928, Sukhdev called on Durga for help, which she agreed to do. They decided to catch the train departing from Lahore for Bathinda en route to Howrah (Calcutta) early the next morning. She posed herself as the wife of Bhagat Singh and put her son Sachin in his lap while Rajguru carried their luggage as their servant. To avoid recognition, Singh had shaved off his beard and cut his hair short the previous day and dressed in a western attire. In fact, when Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev came to her house on the night of 19 December 1928, Sukhdev introduced Bhagat Singh as a new friend. Durga could not recognise Bhagat Singh at all. Then Sukhdev told Durga the truth and said that if Durga Bhabhi could not recognise Bhagat Singh in his changed clean-shaved appearance despite knowing him well, surely the police would not recognise him as they would be looking for a bearded Sikh.
They left the house early the next morning. At the station, Bhagat Singh, with his concealed identity, bought three tickets to Cawnpore (Kanpur) — two first class tickets for Bhabhi and himself and a third class one for Rajguru. Both men had loaded revolvers with them to deal with any unanticipated incident. They avoided raising the suspicions of the police and boarded the train.Breaking journey at Kanpur, they boarded a train for Lucknow since the CID at Howrah railway station usually scrutinised passengers on the direct train from Lahore. At Lucknow, Rajguru left separately for Benares while Bhagat Singh, Durga Bhabhi and the infant went to Howrah. Durga returned to Lahore a few days later with her infant child.
This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2013)
Unlike other freedom fighters, after Indian independence Durga started living as a common citizen in quite anonymity and exclusion in Ghaziabad. She later opened a school for poor children in Lucknow. Prime minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru visited her school in 1956.
Durga died in Ghaziabad on 15 October 1999 at the age of 92.

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